The chmod command can be used to specify the permissions of a file, a user, or a group. A chmod command can be used to accomplish this. The permissions are the first step in securing a file. chmod provides a flag that allows you to apply permissions to anything beneath the directory you use the command to. In some cases, you may need to grant permissions to a directory and all of the files and subdirectories in it. You should avoid using chmod 777 on files and directories if you are concerned about the security of your computer. We have seen the permissions given as follows (using letters r, w, x): The letters r, w, x can also be expressed as octal numbers (0 through 7). These permissions allow you to read, write, and execute data in this context. With the chmod command, you can control what directories and files are accessed. ![]() In this article, I will show you how to use chmod 755, and I will go over what it is about. The command is critical in Linux because it is one of the most important commands. Linux users can configure the permissions of a file or directory by using the chmod command. The use of chmod 755 in this example is extremely useful. It changes the permissions assigned to a group, user, or other person so that they can execute, write, and read. It is a command in Linux that can be used to change file permissions. However, the owner and group of the file can still access it, whereas everyone else cannot. The next number, ‘777,’ indicates that the file will be read only by the group and all other users. Although they can read and write, the world cannot read. In other words, the owner can read, write, and execute the file all at once. In the first line of the letter, a permissions number, ‘764,’ appears. This is an example of permissions on a file being set. It is only possible to grant permissions to a file’s root, file owner, or sudo user. The mode is represented by three digits if the first digit is 0, and it can be left out if the first digit is 0. If the permission number is set to 750, it means that the file owner has read, written, and executed all permissions. Each file in a folder is owned by one person and a group, each with a different set of permissions and access rights. This article will walk you through the fundamentals of Linux permissions, as well as the numbers that correspond to them. To restrict access to files and directories in Linux, you must understand the file system permissions model. This allows an owner to read and write, while a group or individual cannot. The owner can read and write, as well as perform actions such as executing an operation, whereas others can read and perform actions. There are 778 people who can access the full version of 777 (full access). If the readonly file is overwrite by vi, the READONLY file will be overwrite as well. It is not as simple as that to write and execute in the current folder. To force overwriting your own READONLY file, press the exclamation mark (:w!) on vi’s write command. ![]() If you uncheck the Read-only attribute, it will be displayed and you will be able to select it again. Since the file is still open in read-only mode.Īre the file properties set to read only? The file properties can be checked by right-clicking it and selecting Properties. When typing ESC :q!, you can now normally exit. file-name This syntax is: vim -R file-name To use vim/vi, you must first navigate to the file name and then use the vim/vi command line. It is simple to access the superuser privileges if you do not have the privilege, even if you don’t have it. If you do not have ALL access, please let us know so that we can change it. You must enter a password to gain access to the file with the visudo command. Multiple commands and sudo privileges are available to edit or overwrite a read-only file on Linux. The chmod command is used to change the properties of a file on Linux. The following conditions must be met before an overwriting can occur: the file’s owner has full access to its properties, and the file is owned by you. Finally, you can also use the mount command to change the permissions on a file.Ī read-only file is one that is not available for the user to edit or write. This command will change the attributes on a file so that it can be read and written to by anyone. Another way to change a read-only file to read-write is to use the chattr command. This command will change the permissions on a file so that it can be read and written to by anyone. The most common way is to use the chmod command. ![]() There are a number of ways that you can change a read-only file to read-write in Linux.
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When it comes to fermented food, slow and steady wins the race to good gut health.ĭrinking a big bottle of kombucha won't improve your gut health faster and will likely give you gas and diarrhea. If you can't stand the thought of stomaching the yeast, use a strainer to remove them from your glass first. The bottle of kombucha can look a little strange or downright gross to some drinking kombucha for the first time - brown stringy goo floats and settles in the bottom of the bottle, but this is a good thing! Those bits are yeast and beneficial to drink. After dinner or evening as a healthier alternative to alcohol that's still satisfying.Mid-afternoon or post-workout for an energy boost.Before, during, and after a meal to aid digestion.In the morning on an empty stomach for the most significant benefits all day long (though beware drinking on an empty stomach until your body adjusts) 1-48 of 67 results for 'kombucha synergy' RESULTS GT'S ENLIGHTENED KOMBUCHA Synergy Organic Kombucha Tea, Passionberry Bliss, 16.2 Ounce (Pack of 12) 16.2 Ounce (Pack of 12) 77 8600 (0.Here are 5 possible side effects of drinking too much kombucha. It’s made with raspberries and ginger, but it doesn’t really taste like raspberries and ginger. The trademark tart-sweet-funk flavors are in perfect balance, with no one element overriding the other. There isn't one best time to drink kombucha, but there are a few times throughout the day you may find the most helpful: But although kombucha is good for you, it’s possible to drink too much. This has got to be the most crowd-pleasing kombucha ever concocted. Enlightened synergy, Classic Kombucha, and Classic. ![]() If you'd like, you can water it down with a little fruit juice to soften the flavor, but beware of the sugar that juice adds. Kombucha, a kind of health drink, is made by fermenting tea and sugar with the microbial culture (which includes yeast, bacteria, and mold). To start on your kombucha journey, drink 4-oz portions 1-3 times each day, straight from the bottle into a glass. How do I Drink Kombucha? Best Way To Drink Kombucha You'll likely see the most benefits by drinking 4-oz each day, but you can also drink it every few days or weekly - the price of kombucha is relatively high, so drink what you can within your budget. ![]() As long as you follow the daily dosage guidelines, you can drink kombucha as often as you want. ![]() Available in color and can include atomic numbers. 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Blank Periodic Table Free Printable Source: ĭiscover where to find printable reading worksheets for students. Here it is: Blank Periodic Table Pdf Source: We have 100 Pics about blank periodic table pdf like blank periodic table pdf, blank periodic table free printable and also free printable blank periodic table elements chart pdf. If you are looking for blank periodic table pdf you've came to the right page. ![]() She repays "injustice with justice" by crucifying the city's masters - going against the advice of Ser Barristan, who worries she could get a reputation for cruelty just like the Mad King. Her third slave conquest is as bloody as it is ambitious, with Daenerys inspiring the city's slaves to revolt and in the process gaining an even bigger following. She ends season three in the arms of her newly freed people, who now call her mother. The Mother of Dragons wins yet another slave city's freedom, and picks up the roguish Daario in the process after the warrior brings Daenerys the heads of his former allies. As soon as she gains ownership of the Unsullied, she orders her dragon to burn Kraznys and orders her new soldiers to sack the city but keep the slaves inside safe. Talk about driving a hard bargain. of a man of power who embodies tradition, those customs call on her to follow long since outdated ritual and cast herself on her husbands funeral pyre. In an impressive counterpunch, Daenerys tricks cruel slavemaster Kraznys mo Nakloz into selling her 8,000 soldiers for one dragon. As repayment, she locks the pair of them in Xaro's vault, burying the pair alive. Dany discovers her handmaiden Doreah has aided Xaro Xhoan Daxos in seizing her dragons. This is why you don't cross the Khaleesi. Locking Doreah in a vault with Xaro Xhoan Daxos The warlock realizes too late that Daenerys has the upper hand after she commands one of her dragons to burn him alive. Burning the Warlock in the House of the Undyingĭany doesn't take kindly to Pyat Pree imprisoning her and her dragons in the House of the Undying. How hard-core is Dany? Even though she and her people are dying of hunger and thirst, she has the gall to threaten Quarth if they don't help her, saying the city will be doomed once her dragons are grown: "Turn us away, and we will burn you first." I have done absolute no leveling in White Orchard and just went straight through the main quest and the funeral pires was the first quest I got in velen and these guards are very hard to kill. Do you meet the priest again if you let him go Right now I see no reason to take the bribe. However I don't know if the level 3 tells me my current level or the level I will reach when I get enough experience. She is a leader worth following in her own right. Quest Funeral Pyres question (mild spoilers). The act proves to her followers that she isn't just a Khaleesi whose Khal had died. Not only does Dany burn Mirri Maz Duur, she boldly walks into the fire herself, emerging relatively unscathed and earning a few new nicknames: the Unburnt and the Mother of Dragons. If she succeeds in devouring the organ without vomiting, she's told she will give birth to a great warrior, "the stallion who mounts the world." About that …Īfter the wise woman's blood magic leaves Khal Drogo in a vegetative state and results in the death of Dany's unborn son, the Mother of Dragons gets her revenge by putting Mirri on Drogo's funeral pyre. She has something to say about that: "The next time you raise a hand to me will be the last time you have hands!"ĭaenerys eats a horse's heart as part of the Dothraki equivalent of a baby shower. Threatening to Cut Off Viserys’ HandsĪfter years of abuse, Dany finally puts her brother in his place when he freaks out over her "commanding" him to come see her. It is up to you to decide whether the things you gain from this quest will benefit you greatly. This quest gives you somewhat useful benefits when you complete it. ![]() Touch device users can explore by touch or with swipe gestures. Humans Weaknesses and Loot Funeral Pyres is somewhat worth doing When the auto-complete results are available, use the up and down arrows to review and Enter to select. ![]()
Real Drift Racing : Road Racer in PC (Windows 7, 10, or 11)ĬSR 2 - Drag Racing Car Games in PC (Windows 7, 10, or 11)ĭr. Raging Thunder 2 - CNET Download Showing 1-10 of 29 Results for 'raging thunder 2' Raging Thunder 2 Lite Free Race through the streets on your Android device. Traffic Tour in PC (Windows 7, 10, or 11) Play & download racing android games like Raging Thunder 2 by. Hot Wheels: Race Off in PC (Windows 7, 10, or 11)ĭrive Ahead! in PC (Windows 7, 10, or 11)Ĭity Driving 2 in PC (Windows 7, 10, or 11)īeach Buggy Blitz in PC (Windows 7, 10, or 11) Download 3 best alternative Games to Raging Thunder 2 for your Android phone and tablet. Buckle up and get ready to take it to the streets in this seminal sequel to Polarbits award-winning Raging Thunder. Parking 4 in PC (Windows 7, 10, or 11)ĬarX Highway Racing in PC (Windows 7, 10, or 11)īeach Buggy Racing in PC (Windows 7, 10, or 11) Traffic Rider in PC (Windows 7, 10, or 11)ĭr. Hill Climb Racing 2 in PC (Windows 7, 10, or 11) Download / : Raging Thunder 2 1.0.2 (.ipa) - 14. We're going to be spending some more time with the game, but after burning through a few races our initial impressions are very positive. Raging Thunder 2 - Free download and software reviews - CNET Download Home Android Games Driving Games Raging Thunder 2 Raging Thunder 2 for Android By Gear Apps Free Developer's Description By. Game ID: 2179 Version: 1.00 Genre: Racing Downloads: 41933 Size: 1. Raging Thunder 2 APK file details: Best Android EmulatorsĬom-polarbit-rthunder2lite-1-0-16_SOFTSTRIBE.apkĭownload APK Other Apps by the Same Developer: Amazingly enough even with all the stuff packed in this game, Raging Thunder 2 only weighs in at the 3G download friendly 15MB. Download the latest version of Raging Thunder 2 Android Game APK by Polarbit : An adrenaline pumping 3D racer, featuring cross-platform multiplayer (2) (1.00). Just install it like we usually do on Android devicesĬonclusion: After following the above 3 methods, you can easily run Raging Thunder 2 on your Windows or macOS systems. ![]() Now, search for Raging Thunder 2 the app you wish to install.Any version of Raging Thunder 2 distributed on Uptodown is completely virus-free and free to download at no cost. Download rollbacks of Raging Thunder 2 for Android. It includes all the file versions available to download off Uptodown for that app. You can try the Android emulators like BlueStacks, Nox App Player etc. If you need a rollback of Raging Thunder 2, check out the apps version history on Uptodown. Start your browser and download Android Emulator. Lets begin by having your Windows PC fully booted and prepared. Heres how to download and install Raging Thunder 2 - FREE on your PC. Run it, and login to your Google Account to connect it How to download Raging Thunder 2 - FREE on PC.After installing Google play store in Windows 11.To install Raging Thunder 2 in Windows 11, you will need to follow this tutorial, where you will learn to install Windows Subsystem for Android and how to install Google Play Store in Windows 11. ![]() How to Install Raging Thunder 2 in Windows 11 ![]() ![]() Regardless, sometimes in life it takes something dramatic to blast us out of our ruts and make us try new things. You could include it in your essay about The Wizard of Oz. You know how it's often said that the Chinese word for "crisis" is made up of two characters meaning "danger" and "opportunity"? Unfortunately, that isn't really true, but it would be cool if it were. Not everything can go your way, and the cyclone is a great way to showing Dorothy how to hop back on the horse once everything he or she knew has been blown away. (Like ending up in a magical land full of dancing little people, for instance). However, you can also pick yourself up, take stock, and deal with anything in your life that just got turned upside down. It hits you, it knocks some big things around, and you basically just have to sit there and take it. Neither the blanket nor the bathtub could withstand the tornado, though, and the tub was ripped out of the ground, launching its two unsuspecting passengers with it. It can't be tricked with a clever riddle or beaten with a spell from a mystic text. You can't stop the cyclone with magic slippers or a magic sword or even a light saber. Furthermore, it also stresses the fact that change is inevitable. But because it does both good and bad things, it really doesn't take sides. Otherwise, you'd see it tilted more dramatically on the side of Team Hero or Team Villain. ![]() That's why it has to be something natural, or at least without a moral agenda. It's no coincidence that Miss Gulch morphs into the Wicked Witch in the middle of it, or that Dorothy learns the meaning of the phrase "be careful what you wish for" at the same time. ![]() That makes the cyclone a catalyst for change, both in terms of the landscape (Aunt Em and Uncle Henry are going to need a new house) and in terms of the character. It comes suddenly and without warning, which can be pretty scary, but also leads the way for new things. It's natural, which means it just happens. The park, which reimagines Frank Baums story of the Wizard of Oz and. This material may not be published, broadcast,rewritten, or distributed.Unlike the Witch, the cyclone isn't evil. At 5,506 feet altitude, Beech Mountain is the highest town east of the Rocky Mountains. ``They showed it on TV and then it came through like awhirlpool,'' she said.īy TOM BAYLES,Associated Press WriterCopyright ©1997 AssociatedPress. Then she looked out a window and sawthe tornado bearing down on her house, which escaped virtuallyunscathed. ``It bounced so hard I thought we hit another plane orsomething,'' said Claude Remy, whose wife, Noemie, injured her neckand shoulder.Īnna Varela, who lives on an island between Miami and MiamiBeach, saw the twister on TV. The A300 from Boston had 156passengers and nine crew members aboard. ``I was fascinated.I found myself standing there in total awe of the magnificent powerthat this packs.''Īn American Airlines jet flying into Miami InternationalAirporthit severe turbulence because of the tornado, injuring twopassengers and five flight attendants. ``I've lived here 32 years and this is the first time I've everseen anything like this,'' said police spokesman Delrish Moss, whowatched the twister blow by the police station. At least 35 hadto seek overnight shelter. An estimated 20,000people lost power, but it was restored by evening. McCrea watched the storm rip trees out of the ground and setoffsmall explosions as it tore down power lines. Twirl/shake the jar in a circular motion and a tornado will appear Add objects or glitter to experience the tornado. Fill the jar with water and add a drop or two of dish soap. ``We thought it was going to hit us,'' said Joseph McCrea, atoll collector at the Venetian Causeway, which leads to MiamiBeach. You just need a clean empty jar, water and a bit of dish soap (food coloring optional). In Little Havana, the roof of a three-story building collapsed.The tornado also touched down on the MacArthur Causeway, whichleads to South Beach, and brought traffic to a halt. Several television stations captured spectacular footage of thefunnel cloud as it blew through downtown with 100 mph winds, thenpast condo towers and across causeways on Biscayne Bay. No onewas killed and only five injured, including a woman who suffered aheart attack. The tornado swept past the station and Miami's high-risecondominiums Monday afternoon, smashing windows and damaging roofsand cars in a two-mile path as people scrambled for cover. Use a third-party application such as iShowU Audio Capture. After installing this on High Sierra or above you will need to go to System Preferences > Security & Privacy and select "Allow". There are a couple of ways you can route audio playing on your Mac into OBS and the method you choose largely depends on which interface you have and how many inputs you're looking to use. Once this is set up you will then be able to broadcast both your webcam, computer screen and incoming audio from your audio interface. Video Capture Device allows your audience to view the feed from a webcam. Display Capture allows you to show your audience what is happening on your screen which may be helpful when broadcasting things like tutorials. Please select Audio Input Capture from the Source menu, select Add Existing and the Mic/Aux channel, and click OK.Īfter this, you can add other Sources if you wish. You can then add your incoming audio from your audio interface to the Sources so that your audience can hear you. screen capture, text overlays, live video feeds etc.įrom the Sources menu click the + symbol to add a new Source. Once this is set then you can start to add different elements to your stream windows e.g. This will ensure that audio is heard by your audience on both sides of their headphones/speakers. Please make sure you have the mono setting ticked in the advanced audio properties. Once you have set your audio device in the properties you can then exit that window and navigate to the Advanced Audio Properties tab from the Settings menu. Select the audio interface you wish to use and select OK. With your audio interface connected please navigate to the Audio Mixer > Mix/Aux > Click the S ettings button (small gear cog symbol) > Properties. Once downloaded and installed, open the OBS application. If you're running macOS Mojave/Catalina then please ensure you grant OBS access to the "Microphone" as per the steps in this article, otherwise you'll get no audio. Setting the audio interface as the audio device To start, navigate to the OBS website and download the compatible version of OBS software for your system. The video below explains the same steps as the article: OBS is a free program that allows you to stream audio and video to online platforms such as Facebook, Twitch, and Youtube. ![]() This is a guide to setting up your audio interface in Open Broadcaster Software (OBS) on a Mac. For instructions for Windows computers, please see the following article: How to set up your audio interface in OBS (Open Broadcaster Software) on Windows Applies to: All Focusrite audio interfaces ![]() Within minutes, you can sword-fight in ancient times, or battle with exotic creatures in the desert. Our collection gives you RPG challenges completely for free. ![]() Role-playing games are the most popular genre of computer entertainment. Assemble an army, develop your strategy, and prepare for battle against threatening enemies! You can use many dangerous weapons and cast powerful spells on your opponents. Our RPG collection puts you in mystical environments with familiar players, including Megaman, Hansel and Gretel, and more. You can play as a variety of animated characters, from epic fighters to mafia members to fairy tale wizards. io Games Car Games Basketball Games Games for Girls Racing Games Shooting Games 2 Player Games Stickman Games Dress Up Games Escape Games Simulation Games Adventure Games Action Games Survival Games Zombie Games Point and Click Games GTA Games Minecraft GamesĪll of our RPG games are free to play and feature exciting gaming action. Subway Surfers Temple Run 2 Retro Bowl Venge.io Stickman Hook Who Is? Narrow.One Repuls.io Brain Test 2: Tricky Stories SchoolBreak.io Friday Night Funkin' Idle Ants Moto X3M Stick Merge Parkour Race Mad GunZ Gold Digger FRVR Rocket Soccer Derby Like a King Piano Tiles 2 Sushi Party EvoWorld io (FlyOrDie io) Crossy Road Where is My Cat? Blocky Cars Combat Online Fury Wars Raft Wars Multiplayer Temple of Boom Smash Karts The Impossible Quiz Getaway Shootout Bad Ice-Cream Shell Shockers G-Switch 3 Brain Test: Tricky Puzzles Tunnel Rush YoHoHo.io Football Masters Idle Digging Tycoon Soccer Skills Champions League Onet Paradise Ludo Hero Merge Round Racers Puffy Cat Iron Snout Merge Tycoon Life - The Game Viking Village Cover Orange Fish Eat Fish Blumgi Rocket Game of Farmers Tunnel Rush 2 Idle Gang Lines to Fill Nonogram Crazy Party Cover Orange: Journey Ninja.io Grow Up the Cats Shape Fold Nature Truck Loader 3 Z-Raid The Walking Merge Pick Up Associations Motorbike Games Popular Games. ![]() The fact remains that in the lot, there may be an app here or there that it will be practical to use as well, more than going on its web equivalent.I have had my Mac-Mini running Display Link for almost 2 years with no problems and suddenly Netflix, Amazon Prime, Hulu and HBO Max will not show video while my monitor running via Display Link is plugged in. This is an interesting method since it completely opens the doors of the Mac to iOS apps, but as we can see, there are limits and constraints. Could not go further than the error message.įor all of these apps, if you have any doubts about how to navigate their interface, go to the menu with their name and choose ” Touch Alternatives »To see what the touch gestures correspond to on the keyboard and trackpad. From its launch she noticed that she was not in her natural environment. There are however apps that will pose a problem, as was the case with WhatsApp. The activation of Touch ID is proposed for identification, you can then use it with the ad-hoc button on your MacBook Pro or MacBook Air M1. For the Crédit Agricole app, everything also seems to work, with the presentation of the interface as on the tablet. The second window is resizable, the other is fixed. Netflix and Arte play their video content normally. Post with Instagram’s iPhone app from your Mac M1 You can post photos that they’ll take to your macOS photo library or capture with the Mac’s webcam (there was a black screen in the app the first time, but it worked then). This is the case of Instagram which, for lack of better, will be discreet in a corner of the screen. When the app does not exist in iPad version you have to resolve to a small vertical window. ![]() In the capture below we have the Netflix app (which works very well but the DRM blocks the image when capturing the screen), the Arte app, that of Nuzzel (a utility to follow trends in your Twitter timeline), and those of Instagram, WhatsApp and Crédit Agricole. IPA archives, it extracts the app to the ” Applications From macOS and you can then open them normally. Select the downloaded app (s) in iMazing, Ctrl + click on it and select ” Exporter .IPA »To save them in a folder on the Mac. ![]() Click on the ” Library ✺t the top then choose the apps to download from your purchase history on the App Store.Select ” Manage apps In the central column then enter your Apple ID.The manipulation then is not rocket science: It is a very good multifunction utility, translated into French and which offers a free mode. We can use iMazing to access the apps on their iPhone. The only caveat is that you have to use apps purchased or downloaded from the App Store with your Apple ID, not that of a loved one. ipa file (the executable binary) of the iOS apps on your Mac. IOS apps that their developers haven’t planned to be distributed through the Mac App StoreĪ smart user has nevertheless quickly published sure Reddit a very easy way to bypass this limitation and use, for example, apps from Netflix, Instagram and many more on a Mac M1. Because they prefer the Mac user to go through their website or because the app uses capabilities specific to iPhone. However, some are not downloadable (nor visible) from the Mac App Store, because their publisher has deemed it irrelevant to authorize this mode of operation. IOS apps can run directly on new Macs with M1 processors. ![]() Likelihood of “rare” PhenomenaĮxample of life events with the same level of likelihoodĮxample of events with the same likelihood range than event xīeing born a twin, NB: actually it is around 3.3%ĭrawing an ace from a 52 cards deck (4/52=7.7%) Here again, the last two columns to the right display the “Frequency equivalent” and the corresponding probability to see the event “next year”: at the end of this text you will find an explanation related to these two columns. Going below would require solid data and it is highly recommended to stay away from that. The Table starts where the prior finished (0.1) and reaches 10 -6 as this value is commonly considered as the threshold value of human credibility. Making sense of probabilities and frequencies : step 2 NB: a non expert should stop here at this level of scrutiny.Įxperts can develop more in depth estimates for lower probabilities levels using the next table below. Mortality rate of SARS (11%) of people diagnosed with the disease. Getting stuck for more than one hour in traffic (exclude commuting).Ĭhance of drawing 1 when drawing a fair dice (1/6=0.16) That a person between the age of 18 and 29 does NOT read a newspaper regularlyĭivorcing, depending on the country (reportedly 30-40%).Ī celebrity marriage will last a lifetime. Getting stuck in a traffic jam for at least 20 minutes next year (exclude commuting).Ī member of the family gets a cold next year. If these events occur with a known average rate and independently of the time since the last event.Īt least one sunny week-end in the next year.įinding at least one container of ice cream in a family freezer. Everyday vocabulary used to describe the event x.Įxample of life events x with the same level of likelihoodĮxample of events with the same level of likelihood than event x The last two columns to the right display the “Frequency equivalent” and the corresponding probability to see the event “next year”: at the end of this text you will find an explanation related to these two columns. For low probabilities p x=<0.1 trained analysts can use the Table delivered in step 2 which zooms into the lower range of probabilities. The Table below can be used for estimating a large probability, high frequency event -x. If you want to stay out of jail never use nil or one! Making sense of probabilities and frequencies : step 1 Nil means it is impossible to occur, one means it is certain to occur. Probability is by definition a number between nil and one, measuring the chances some event may or may not happen. One can measure frequency by long term observations (building a “statistic”). For people in charge of performing risk assessments a common unit of time is “per year”. One can always replace time by other “counters”. Making sense of probabilities and frequencies : definitionsįrequency is a measure of how often an event occurs on average during a unit of time (how many times an engine supposed to start every morning fails to start per year). Furthermore, when using a consistent approach, the relative estimates of probabilities will be consistent among each other. That results in expanding the estimate range while strongly reducing the “s.t in-s.t-out” syndrome. That requires no “statistical” calculations, and by doing so the user transparently acknowledges uncertainties. In reality, making sense of probabilities and frequencies allows to simply define ranges of probabilities and frequencies based on analogies and tables. As a result users embrace index-approaches (probabilities are given (absurd) values like 1,2,3.n), qualitative approaches (small, medium, large… “fast-food style”) while believing they will get a good understanding of their risks out of this. Their justification includes that probabilities are complicated, they require “statistics”. Oftentimes users feel compelled to use qualitative approaches to risk assessments. Making sense of probabilities and frequencies (in a quantitative way) is necessary to benefit from better risk assessment. ![]() Making sense of Probabilities and Frequencies |
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